Sweden was the host nation for the 1912 Summer Olympics in Stockholm. This was the nation's fourth appearance at the Olympics, after debuting in 1896. 444 competitors, 421 men and 23 women, took part in 95 events in 16 sports.

Medalists MedalNameSportEvent Hjalmar AnderssonJohn EkeJosef Ternström Athletics Men's team cross country Eric Lemming Athletics Men's javelin Gustaf Lindblom Athletics Men's triple jump Erik FriborgRagnar MalmAxel PerssonAlgot Lönn Cycling Men's team time trial Erik Adlerz Diving Men's 10m Platform Greta Johansson Diving Women's 10 m Platform Erik Adlerz Diving Men's plain high diving Carl Bonde Equestrian Individual dressage Axel Nordlander Equestrian Individual eventing Axel NordlanderNils AdlercreutzErnst CasparssonHenric Horn af Åminne Equestrian Team eventing Gustaf LewenhauptGustaf KilmanHans von RosenFredrik Rosencrantz Equestrian Team jumping Men's team Gymnastics Men's team (Swedish system) Gösta Lilliehöök Modern pentathlon Men's individual Carl HellströmErik WalleriusHarald WallinHumbert LundénHerman NybergHarry RosenswärdPaul IsbergFilip Ericsson Sailing Men's 10 metre class Åke Lundeberg Shooting Men's 100 m running deer, double shots Alfred Swahn Shooting Men's 100 m running deer, single shot Alfred SwahnOscar SwahnÅke LundebergPer-Olof Arvidsson Shooting Men's team 100 m running deer, single shot Johan Hübner von HolstEric CarlbergVilhelm CarlbergGustaf Boivie Shooting Men's team 25 m small-bore rifle Vilhelm Carlberg Shooting Men's 25 m small-bore rifle Eric CarlbergVilhelm CarlbergJohan Hübner von HolstPaul Palén Shooting Men's team 30 m military pistol Mauritz ErikssonHugo JohanssonErik BlomqvistCarl BjörkmanBernhard LarssonGustaf Jonsson Shooting Men's team free rifle Arvid AnderssonAdolf BergmanJohan EdmanErik Algot FredrikssonCarl JonssonErik LarssonAugust GustafssonHerbert Lindström Tug of war Men's team Claes Johansson Wrestling (Greco-Roman) Men's middleweight Thorild OhlssonErnst WideBror FockNils FrykbergJohn Zander Athletics Men's 3000 m team Ivan MöllerCharles LutherTure PersonKnut Lindberg Athletics Men's 4 × 100 m relay Hjalmar Andersson Athletics Men's individual cross country Hugo Wieslander Athletics Men's decathlon Charles Lomberg Athletics Men's decathlon Georg Åberg Athletics Men's triple jump Lisa Regnell Diving Women's 10 m platform Hjalmar Johansson Diving Plain high diving Gustaf Adolf Boltenstern Equestrian Individual dressage Gösta Åsbrink Modern pentathlon Men's individual Ture RosvallWilliam Bruhn-MöllerConrad BrunkmanHerman DahlbäckLeo Wilkens Rowing Men's coxed fours, inriggers Nils PerssonHugo ClasonRichard SällströmNils LambyKurt BergströmDick BergströmErik LindqvistPer BergmanSigurd KanderFolke Johnson Sailing Men's 12 metre class Bengt HeymanEmil HenriquesHerbert WestermarkNils WestermarkAlvar Thiel Sailing Men's metre class Edward Benedicks Shooting Men's 100 m running deer, double shots Åke Lundeberg Shooting Men's 100 m running deer, single shot Paul Palén Shooting Men's 25 m rapid fire pistol Johan Hübner von Holst Shooting Men's 25 m small-bore rifle Georg de LavalEric CarlbergVilhelm CarlbergErik Boström Shooting Men's team 50 m military pistol Arthur NordenswanEric CarlbergRuben ÖrtegrenVilhelm Carlberg Shooting Men's team 50 m small-bore rifle Thor Henning Swimming Men's 400 m breaststroke Carl KempeGunnar Setterwall Tennis Men's doubles indoor Sigrid FickGunnar Setterwall Tennis Mixed doubles outdoor Torsten KumfeldtHarald JulinMax GumpelRobert AnderssonPontus HansonVilhelm AnderssonErik Bergqvist Water polo Men's team Gustaf Malmström Wrestling (Greco-Roman) Men's lightweight Anders Ahlgren Wrestling (Greco-Roman) Men's light heavyweight John Eke Athletics Men's individual cross country Gosta Holmer Athletics Men's decathlon Emil Magnusson Athletics Men's two handed discus throw Georg Åberg Athletics Men's long jump Bertil Uggla Athletics Men's pole vault Erik Almlöf Athletics Men's triple jump Gustaf Blomgren Diving Men's 10 m platform John Jansson Diving Men's plain high diving Hans von Blixen-Finecke Equestrian Individual dressage Georg de Laval Modern pentathlon Men's individual Eric SandbergHarald SandbergOtto Aust Sailing Men's 6 metre class Oscar Swahn Shooting Men's 100 m running deer, double shots Johan Hübner von Holst Shooting Men's 25 m rapid fire pistol Gideon Ericsson Shooting Men's 25 m small-bore rifle Mauritz ErikssonWerner JernströmTönnes BjörkmanCarl BjörkmanBernhard LarssonHugo Johansson Shooting Men's team military rifle Sigrid FickGunnar Setterwall Tennis Mixed doubles indoor Edvin Mattiasson Wrestling (Greco-Roman) Men's lightweight

Athletics 106 or 107 athletes represented Sweden in the sport. Tage Brauer is listed in some sources as having competed and having cleared 1.60 metres in high jump, but other sources make clear he did not start.

Hugo Wieslander, who had originally won the silver medal in the decathlon, was awarded gold after Jim Thorpe was disqualified. When Thorpe was reinstated in 1982, Wieslander retained his gold medal in the event and became co-champions with Thorpe. In 2022, in consultation with surviving members of Wieslander's family, the IOC reinstated Thorpe as the sole winner of the event, as all his competitors had always wanted.

AthleteEventsHeatSemifinalFinalResultRankResultRankResultRank Arvid ÅbergHammer 41.11 10 Did not advance Georg ÅbergLong jump 7.04 3 7.18 Triple jump 14.51 2 14.51 Richard ÅbrinkJavelin 52.20 6 Did not advance2-hand javelin 93.12 6 Did not advance Alexis AhlgrenMarathon did not finish Erik AlmlöfTriple jump 14.17 3 14.17 Carl AnderssonMarathon 3:06:13.0 24 Hjalmar AnderssonInd. x-country 45:44.8 Karl BerghStanding long jump 2.95 18 Did not advanceStanding high jump 1.45 7 Did not advance Thure BergvallMarathon did not finish Gustav BétzenLong jump 6.24 21 did not advance Evert Björn800 m ? ? ? ? Did not advance1500 m 4:07.2 ? ? ? Gunnar BolanderDiscus 36.22 26 Did not advance Tage BrauerHigh jump 1.60 28 Did not advance Gustaf CarlénInd. x-country 51:26.8 21 Mauritz Carlsson5000 m 15:34.6 10 15:18.6 710000 m 33:06.2 5 did not finish Janne DahlJavelin 45.67 15 Did not advance Hjalmar DahlbergMarathon 3:13:32.2 27John Dahlin400 m 51.0 ? did not start Did not advance Ragnar Ekberg100 m ? ? Did not advanceStanding long jump 3.03 13 Did not advance John Eke10000 m 34:55.8 14 did not startInd. x-country 46:37.6 Leif EkmanStanding high jump 1.45 7 Did not advance Hugo EricsonPentathlon Eliminated 18 Eskil FalkJavelin 0 24 Did not advance Nils FjästadPentathlon Eliminated 11 Folke FleetwoodDiscus 35.06 28 Did not advance2-hand discus 68.22 7 Did not advance Bror Fock10000 m did not finish Did not advanceInd. x-country 50:15.8 17 Erik Frisell800 m 1:59.2 ? Did not advance Nils Frykberg1500 m ? ? Did not advance Clas GillePole vault 3.60 12 Did not advanceEmil Grandell200 m ? ? Did not advance William GrünerMarathon did not finish David GuttmanMarathon did not finish Viktor HackbergHammer 38.44 13 Did not advanceDecathlon 1694.600 27 Sten Hagander2-hand javelin 86.80 11 Did not advance Karl Haglund800 m 2:01.2 ? Did not advance Gösta HallbergHigh jump 1.75 13 Did not advance Carl HårlemanPole vault 3.60 12 Did not advance Edvin HellgrenInd. x-country did not finish Gustaf HolmérHigh jump 1.60 28 Did not advancePentathlon Eliminated 8Decathlon 7347.855 Sigfrid JacobssonMarathon 2:43:24.9 6 Skotte Jacobsson100 m ? ? Did not advance200 m ? ? ? ? Did not advanceTriple jump 13.33 17 Did not advanceDecathlon 2667.500 21 Carl JahnzonHammer 42.58 8 Did not advance Gunnar JohnsonHammer 39.92 11 Did not advance John KlintbergInd. x-country did not finish Anders KrigsmanJavelin 46.71 14 Did not advance2-hand javelin 85.80 13 Did not advance Erik KugelbergPentathlon Eliminated 15Decathlon 6758.780 8 Karl-Axel KullerstrandHigh jump 1.83 1 1.83 8 Algot LarssonJavelin 43.18 21 Did not advance Brynolf Larsson10000 m did not finish Did not advanceInd. x-country 47:37.4 9 Eric LemmingJavelin 57.42 OR 1 60.64 OR 2-hand discus 67.08 11 Did not advance2-hand javelin 98.59 4 Did not advance Oscar LemmingPentathlon Eliminated 10 Carl Johan LindDiscus 36.07 27 Did not advanceHammer 45.61 5 Did not advance2-hand discus 68.02 8 Did not advance Alexander LindahlInd. x-country did not finish Knut Lindberg100 m 11.6 ? ? ? Did not advance200 m 23.1 ? 22.5 ? Did not advance Gustaf LindblomTriple jump 14.76 1 14.76 Karl Lindblom200 m ? ? Did not advance Nils LindeHammer 43.32 7 Did not advance2-hand discus 67.10 9 Did not advance Eric Lindholm400 m 51.4 ? 50.2 ? Did not advance800 m 2:01.5 ? Did not advance Inge LindholmTriple jump 13.74 12 Did not advancePentathlon Eliminated 8 Gustaf LjunggrenStanding long jump 3.09 11 Did not advance Charles LombergLong jump 6.62 17 Did not advancePentathlon Eliminated 15Decathlon 7413.510 Ivan LönnbergMarathon did not finish Ivar LundbergMarathon 3:16:35.2 28 Klas Lundström5000 m did not finish Did not advanceInd. x-country 48:45.4 13 Charles Luther100 m 12.4 ? ?? Did not advance200 m 23.6 ? 22.3 ? Did not advance Emil MagnussonDiscus 39.91 8 Did not advance2-hand discus 75.35 2 77.37 Gustaf MalmstenStanding long jump 3.20 4 Did not advance Ragnar MattsonHigh jump 1.70 23 Did not advance Douglas MelinStanding long jump 3.02 14 Did not advance Bror Modigh5000 m 16:07.1 ? Did not advance Edvard MöllerStanding long jump 3.14 5 Did not advanceStanding high jump 1.50 1 1.50 4 Gustav Möller200 m ? ? Did not advance400 m ? ? Did not advance Henning MöllerDiscus 32.23 37 Did not advance Ivan Möller100 m 11.5 ? ? ? Did not advance200 m 23.6 ? 22.4 ? Did not advance Carl NilssonMarathon 3:26:56.4 32 Einar NilssonShot put 12.62 7 Did not advanceDiscus 39.69 10 Did not advance2-hand shot put 23.37 5 Did not advance2-hand discus 71.40 4 Did not advancePentathlon Eliminated 14Decathlon 2925.200 19 Gunnar NilssonDiscus 37.44 23 Did not advance2-hand discus 67.09 10 Did not advance Magnus NilssonPole vault 3.20 18 Did not advance Otto NilssonDiscus 31.07 40 Did not advanceJavelin 49.18 10 Did not advance2-hand javelin 88.90 8 Did not advance Gustaf NordénTriple jump 13.81 10 Did not advance Henrik Nordström5000 m 15:49.1 12 did not startInd. x-country did not finish Albert Öberg10000 m 35:45.0 16 Did not advance Hjalmar OhlssonTriple jump 14.01 7 Did not advance Patrik OhlssonLong jump 6.28 20 did not advanceTriple jump 13.45 15 Did not advance Thorild Ohlsson5000 m 15:25.2 5 did not start Arvid OhrlingJavelin 45.32 16 Did not advance2-hand javelin 87.17 10 Did not advance Robert OlssonHammer 46.50 4 Did not advance Svante OlssonJavelin 46.94 13 Did not advance Ture Person100 m ? ? Did not advance200 m 23.2 ? ? ? Did not advance Martin Persson5000 m did not finish Did not advance10000 m 34:18.6 11 did not start Gunnar RönströmDecathlon 2446.950 22 Sander SantessonPole vault 3.20 18 Did not advance Richard SjöbergHigh jump 1.75 13 Did not advancePole vault 3.60 12 Did not advance Rudolf Smedmark100 m ? ? did not finish Did not advanceStanding high jump 1.45 7 Did not advance Karl SonneJavelin 47.85 11 Did not advance2-hand javelin 84.96 14 Did not advance Knut Stenborg200 m ? ? Did not advance400 m 1:01.6 ? 50.5 ? Did not advance Johan SundkvistInd. x-country 47:40.0 10 Hugo SvenssonPole vault 3.20 18 Did not advance Josef TernströmInd. x-country 47:07.1 5 Gustaf TörnrosMarathon did not finish Bertil UgglaPole vault 3.65 1 3.80 Paulus af UhrHigh jump 1.70 23 Did not advance Hugo WieslanderPentathlon 32 points 7Decathlon 7724.495 Jacob WestbergMarathon 3:02:05.2 22 Ernst Wide1500 m 4:06.0 ? 3:57.6 5 John Zander1500 m 4:05.5 3 4:02.0 7Paul Zerling400 m 55.4 ? ? ? Did not advance Hjalmar AnderssonJohn EkeJosef TernströmTeam x-country 10 points John DahlinEric LindholmKnut StenborgPaul Zerling4 × 400 m relay 3:25.0 5 Did not advance Bror FockNils FrykbergThorild OlssonErnst WideJohn Zander3000 m team 9 points N/A 13 points Knut LindbergCharles LutherIvan MöllerTure Person4 × 100 m relay 43.6 OR 1 42.5 OR 2 42.6