A high-speed craft (HSC) is a high-speed water vessel for civilian use, also called a fastcraft or fast ferry. The first high-speed craft were often hydrofoils or hovercraft, but in the 1990s catamaran and monohull designs become more popular. Most high-speed craft serve as passenger ferries, but the largest catamarans and monohulls also carry cars, buses, large trucks and freight.
In the 1990s there were a variety of builders, but due to HSC high fuel consumption, many shipbuilders have withdrawn from this market so the construction of the largest fast ferries, up to 127 metres, has been consolidated to two Australian companies, Austal of Perth and Incat of Hobart. There is still a wide variety of builders for smaller fast catamaran ferries between 24 and 60 metres.
Hulled designs are often powered by pump-jets coupled to medium-speed diesel engines. Hovercraft are usually powered by gas turbines or diesel engines driving propellers and impellers.
The design and safety of high-speed craft is regulated by the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) Convention, Chapter 10, High-Speed Craft (HSC) Codes of 1994 and 2000, adopted by the Maritime Safety Committee of the International Maritime Organization (IMO).
In accordance with SOLAS Chapter 10 Reg. 1.3, high-speed craft are craft capable of a maximum speed, in metres per second (m/s), equal to or exceeding:
where = volume of displacement in cubic metres corresponding to the design waterline, excluding craft of which the hull is supported clear above the water surface in non-displacement mode by aerodynamic forces generated by ground effect.
HSC examples
Alstom Leroux Naval Kalli P SuperRunner Jet II Aeolos Kenteris I Austal
Auto Express 86-class ferry Hawaii Superferry Olympic Champion Jet Benchijigua Express, world's largest civilian trimaran
(Lake Michigan)
WorldChampion Jet Condor Liberation
Buquebus HSC Francisco Catamaran Ferries International PacifiCat-class ferry Dakota Creek Industries Passenger-Only Fast Ferry-class ferry Empresa Nacional Bazán HSC Silvia Ana L Fincantieri HSC Golden Princess MDV 1200-class fast ferry Gladding-Hearn Shipbuilding
IHI Corporation SSTH Ocean Arrow Incat
Madiba 1 - operated by falcon Marine KatExpress 1, one of three similar 112-metre Incat vessels on this route Tarifa Jet HSV-2 Swift Champion Jet 3
Krasnoye Sormovo Raketa (hydrofoil) Ocean Fast Ferries OceanJet 1 OceanJet 2 OceanJet 3 OceanJet 5 OceanJet 6 OceanJet 7 OceanJet 8 OceanJet 88 OceanJet 888 OceanJet 188 OceanJet 288 OceanJet 9 OceanJet 10 OceanJet 11 OceanJet 12 OceanJet 15 STX Finland Stena Line's HSS 1500 Supercat St. Nuriel St. Sealthiel St. Emmanuel St. Uriel St. Jhudiel St. Braquiel St. Camael St. Sariel Sprint 1 Westermoen Hydrofoil Stena Line's HSS 900
See also List of high-speed craft ferry routes BGV
References
External links The Merchant Shipping (High-Speed Craft) Regulations 2004