11th United States Congress

The 11th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from March 4, 1809, to March 4, 1811, during the first two years of James Madison's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1800 United States census. Both chambers had a Democratic-Republican majority.

Major events

March 4, 1809: James Madison became President of the United States October 27, 1810: Annexation of West Florida from Spain

Major legislation

May 1, 1810: Macon's Bill Number 2, ch. 39,

Constitutional amendments

May 1, 1810: Approved an amendment to the United States Constitution that would strip United States citizenship from any citizen who accepted a title of nobility from a foreign country, and submitted it to the state legislatures for ratification This amendment, commonly known as the Titles of Nobility Amendment, has not been ratified and is still pending before the states.

Party summary The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this congress. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.

Senate

House of Representatives

Leadership

Senate President: George Clinton (DR) President pro tempore: John Milledge (DR) Andrew Gregg (DR), from June 26, 1809 John Gaillard (DR), from February 28, 1810 John Pope (DR), from February 23, 1811

House of Representatives Speaker: Joseph Bradley Varnum (DR)

Members This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and representatives are listed by district. Skip to House of Representatives, below

Senate

Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began with this Congress, requiring re-election in 1814; Class 2 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring re-election in 1810; and Class 3 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring re-election in 1812.

Connecticut 1. James Hillhouse (F), until June 10, 1810 Samuel W. Dana (F), from December 4, 1810 3. Chauncey Goodrich (F)

Delaware 1. Samuel White (F), until November 4, 1809 Outerbridge Horsey (F), from January 12, 1810 2. James A. Bayard (F)

Georgia 2. William H. Crawford (DR) 3. John Milledge (DR), until November 14, 1809 Charles Tait (DR), from November 27, 1809

Kentucky 2. Buckner Thruston (DR), until December 18, 1809 Henry Clay (DR), from November 4, 1810 3. John Pope (DR)

Maryland 1. Samuel Smith (DR) 3. Philip Reed (DR)

Massachusetts 1. James Lloyd (F) 2. Timothy Pickering (F)

New Hampshire 2. Nicholas Gilman (DR) 3. Nahum Parker (DR), until June 1, 1810 Charles Cutts (F), from June 21, 1810

New Jersey 1. John Lambert (DR) 2. Aaron Kitchell (DR), until March 12, 1809 John Condit (DR), from March 21, 1809

New York 1. Obadiah German (DR) 3. John Smith (DR)

North Carolina 2. James Turner (DR) 3. Jesse Franklin (DR)

Ohio 1. Return J. Meigs Jr. (DR), until December 10, 1810, or before Thomas Worthington (DR), from December 15, 1810 3. Stanley Griswold (DR), May 18, 1809 – December 11, 1809 Alexander Campbell (DR), from December 11, 1809

Pennsylvania 1. Michael Leib (DR) 3. Andrew Gregg (DR)

Rhode Island 1. Francis Malbone (F), until June 4, 1809 Christopher G. Champlin (F), from June 26, 1809 2. Elisha Mathewson (DR)

South Carolina 2. Thomas Sumter (DR), until December 16, 1810 John Taylor (DR), from December 31, 1810 3. John Gaillard (DR)

Tennessee 1. Joseph Anderson (DR) 2. Daniel Smith (DR), until March 31, 1809 Jenkin Whiteside (DR), from April 11, 1809

Vermont 1. Jonathan Robinson (DR) 3. Stephen R. Bradley (DR)

Virginia 1. Richard Brent (DR) 2. William B. Giles (DR)

House of Representatives

The names of representatives are preceded by their districts.

Connecticut All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket. . Epaphroditus Champion (F) . Samuel W. Dana (F), until May 10, 1810 Ebenezer Huntington (F), from October 11, 1810 . John Davenport (F) . Jonathan O. Moseley (F) . Timothy Pitkin (F) . Lewis B. Sturges (F) . Benjamin Tallmadge (F)

Delaware . Nicholas Van Dyke (F)

Georgia . William W. Bibb (DR) . Howell Cobb (DR) . Dennis Smelt (DR) . George Troup (DR)

Kentucky . Matthew Lyon (DR) . Samuel McKee (DR) . Henry Crist (DR) . Richard Mentor Johnson (DR) . Benjamin Howard (DR), until April 10, 1810 William T. Barry (DR), from August 8, 1810 . Joseph Desha (DR)

Maryland The 5th district was a plural district with two representatives. . John Campbell (F) . Archibald Van Horne (DR) . Philip Barton Key (F) . Roger Nelson (DR), until May 14, 1810 Samuel Ringgold (DR), from October 15, 1810 . Alexander McKim (DR) . Nicholas R. Moore (DR) . John Montgomery (DR) . John Brown (DR), until sometime in 1810 () Robert Wright (DR), from November 29, 1810 . Charles Goldsborough (F)

Massachusetts . Josiah Quincy III (F) . Benjamin Pickman Jr. (F) . Edward St. Loe Livermore (F) . Joseph Bradley Varnum (DR) . William Ely (F) . Samuel Taggart (F) . William Baylies (F), until June 28, 1809 Charles Turner Jr. (DR), from June 28, 1809 . Gideon Gardner (DR) . Laban Wheaton (F) . Jabez Upham (F), until sometime in 1810 () Joseph Allen (F), from October 8, 1810 . William Stedman (F), until July 16, 1810 Abijah Bigelow (F), from October 8, 1810 . Ezekiel Bacon (DR) . Ebenezer Seaver (DR) . Richard Cutts (DR) . Ezekiel Whitman (F) . Orchard Cook (DR) . Barzillai Gannett (DR)

New Hampshire . Daniel Blaisdell (F) . John C. Chamberlain (F) . William Hale (F) . Nathaniel Appleton Haven (F) . James Wilson (F)

New Jersey . Adam Boyd (DR) . James Cox (DR), until September 12, 1810 John A. Scudder (DR), from October 31, 1810 . William Helms (DR) . Jacob Hufty (DR) . Thomas Newbold (DR) . Henry Southard (DR)

New York There were two plural districts, the 2nd & 6th, each had two representatives. . Ebenezer Sage (DR) . William Denning (DR), until sometime before late April 1810Denning never took his seat, and eventually resigned. Apparently he did not send a letter of resignation to the House, but communicated his resignation either to the Governor of New York or the Secretary of State of New York. Almost all old State records were destroyed by a fire which broke out at the New York State Capitol during the 1911 United States Senate election in New York, so that the exact date is possibly no longer to ascertain. Certain is that he resigned in time to have the vacancy filled at the annual State election in late April 1810 when the regular congressional elections were held. Samuel L. Mitchill (DR), from December 4, 1810 . Gurdon S. Mumford (DR) . Jonathan Fisk (DR) . James Emott (F) . Barent Gardenier (F) . Herman Knickerbocker (F) . Robert Le Roy Livingston (F) . Killian K. Van Rensselaer (F) . John Thompson (DR) . Thomas Sammons (F) . John Nicholson (DR) . Thomas R. Gold (F) . Erastus Root (DR) . Uri Tracy (DR) . Vincent Mathews (F) . Peter Buell Porter (DR)

North Carolina . Lemuel Sawyer (DR) . Willis Alston (DR) . William Kennedy (DR) . John Stanly (F) . Thomas Kenan (DR) . Nathaniel Macon (DR) . Archibald McBryde (F) . Richard Stanford (DR) . James Cochran (DR) . Joseph Pearson (F) . James Holland (DR) . Meshack Franklin (DR)

Ohio . Jeremiah Morrow (DR)

Pennsylvania There were four plural districts: the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd had three representatives each, and the 4th had two representatives. . William Anderson (DR) . John Porter (DR) . Benjamin Say (DR), until sometime in June 1809 () Adam Seybert (DR), from October 10, 1809 . Robert Brown (DR) . William Milnor (F) . John Ross (DR) . Daniel Hiester (DR) . Robert Jenkins (F) . Matthias Richards (DR) . David Bard (DR) . Robert Whitehill (DR) . George Smith (DR) . William Crawford (DR) . John Rea (DR) . William Findley (DR) . John Smilie (DR) . Aaron Lyle (DR) . Samuel Smith (DR)

Rhode Island Both representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket. . Richard Jackson Jr. (F) . Elisha Reynolds Potter (F)

South Carolina . Robert Marion (DR), until December 4, 1810 Langdon Cheves (DR), from December 31, 1810 . William Butler Sr. (DR) . Robert Witherspoon (DR) . John Taylor (DR), until December 30, 1810, vacant thereafter . Richard Winn (DR) . Joseph Calhoun (DR) . Thomas Moore (DR) . Lemuel J. Alston (DR)

Tennessee . John Rhea (DR) . Robert Weakley (DR) . Pleasant Moorman Miller (DR)

Vermont . Samuel Shaw (DR) . Jonathan H. Hubbard (F) . William Chamberlain (F) . Martin Chittenden (F)

Virginia . John G. Jackson (DR), until September 28, 1810 William McKinley (DR), from December 21, 1810 . James Stephenson (F) . John Smith (DR) . Jacob Swoope (F) . James Breckinridge (F) . Daniel Sheffey (F) . Joseph Lewis Jr. (F) . Walter Jones (DR) . John Love (DR) . John Dawson (DR) . John Roane (DR) . Burwell Bassett (DR) . William A. Burwell (DR) . Matthew Clay (DR) . John Randolph (DR) . John W. Eppes (DR) . Thomas Gholson Jr. (DR) . Peterson Goodwyn (DR) . Edwin Gray (DR) . Thomas Newton Jr. (DR) . Wilson Cary Nicholas (DR), until November 27, 1809 David S. Garland (DR), from January 17, 1810 . John Clopton (DR)

Non-voting members . Jonathan Jennings, from November 27, 1809 . George Poindexter . Julien de Lallande Poydras

Changes in membership The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.

Senate There were 8 resignations, 2 deaths, 1 interim appointment, and 1 vacancy from before this Congress.

| Ohio(3) | Vacant | Edward Tiffin (DR) resigned at the end of the previous Congress.Successor was appointed to continue the term. | | Stanley Griswold (DR) | Seated May 18, 1809

| New Jersey(2) | | Aaron Kitchell (DR) | Resigned March 12, 1809.Successor was appointed to continue the term and subsequently elected to finish the term. | | John Condit (DR) | Seated March 21, 1809

| Tennessee(2) | | Daniel Smith (DR) | Resigned March 31, 1809.Successor was elected April 11, 1809, to finish the term. | | Jenkin Whiteside (DR) | Seated April 11, 1809

| Rhode Island(1) | | Francis Malbone (F) | Died June 4, 1809.Successor was elected to finish the term. | | Christopher G. Champlin (F) | Seated June 26, 1809

| Delaware(1) | | Samuel White (F) | Died November 4, 1809.Successor was appointed to continue the term and subsequently elected to finish the term. | | Outerbridge Horsey (F) | Seated January 12, 1810

| Georgia(3) | | John Milledge (DR) | Resigned November 14, 1809.Successor was elected to finish the term. | | Charles Tait (DR) | Seated November 27, 1809

| Ohio(3) | | Stanley Griswold (DR) | Appointee was not elected to finish the term.Successor elected December 11, 1809. | | Alexander Campbell (DR) | Seated December 11, 1809

| Kentucky(2) | | Buckner Thruston (DR) | Appointed judge of the US District Court of the District of Columbia December 18, 1809 | | Henry Clay (DR) | Seated November 4, 1810

| New Hampshire(3) | | Nahum Parker (DR) | Resigned June 1, 1810 | | Charles Cutts (F) | Seated June 21, 1810

| Connecticut(1) | | James Hillhouse (F) | Resigned June 10, 1810 | | Samuel W. Dana (F) | Seated December 4, 1810

| Ohio(1) | | Return J. Meigs Jr. (DR) | Resigned on or before December 10, 1810, to become Governor of Ohio | | Thomas Worthington (DR) | Seated December 15, 1810

| South Carolina(2) | | Thomas Sumter (DR) | Resigned December 16, 1810 | | John Taylor (DR) | Seated December 31, 1810