The Right Honourable (abbreviation: The Rt Hon. or variations) is an honorific style traditionally applied to certain persons and collective bodies in the United Kingdom, the former British Empire, and the Commonwealth of Nations. The term is predominantly used today as a style associated with the holding of certain senior public offices in the United Kingdom, Canada, New Zealand, and, to a lesser extent, Australia and Nepal.
Right in this context is an adverb meaning 'very' or 'fully'. Grammatically, The Right Honourable is an adjectival phrase which gives information about a person. As such, it is not considered correct to apply it in direct address, nor to use it on its own as a title in place of a name; but rather it is used in the third person along with a name or noun to be modified.
Right may be abbreviated to Rt, and Honourable to Hon., or both. The is sometimes omitted in written abbreviated form, but is always pronounced.
Countries with common or current usage
United Kingdom
Entitlement
According to the British government, the following persons are entitled to be styled Right Honourable:
Members of the Privy Council The Privy Council is notionally the body of formal advisers to the sovereign. Members of the Cabinet (including the Prime Minister), senior politicians, and some few other officials are appointed as members for life, and are personally entitled to be styled Right Honourable thereafter. Peers below the rank of marquess Earls and countesses, viscounts and viscountesses and barons and baronesses who hold a substantive title (whether hereditary or for life) are personally entitled to the style Right Honourable. A peer's wife or widow also has a legal right to the style of her husband. The lord mayors and lord provosts of certain cities (ex officio) The lord mayors of London, Cardiff, Belfast, Bristol and York and the lord provosts of Edinburgh and Glasgow are styled Right Honourable while in office. However, the title is attached to the office, not to the name of the person.
Privy counsellors
Privy counsellors are appointed by the sovereign on the advice of the prime minister, and remain members for life unless they resign or are expelled. In practice, membership of the privy council is granted to:
all members of the Cabinet (itself technically a committee of the Privy Council), and certain other senior ministers in the government; senior members of the Shadow Cabinet, the leaders of the major political parties in parliament, and the Speaker of the House of Commons; the first ministers of Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland, and the leader of the largest opposition party in the Scottish Parliament; the two archbishops of the Church of England, who sit in the House of Lords ex officio; senior judges, who fulfil the judicial functions of the Privy Council; senior representatives of the Commonwealth nations; and senior members of the royal family.
A large proportion of the former and current prominent politicians of the United Kingdom are thus entitled to be styled Right Honourable.
No new appointments have been made to the Privy Council of Northern Ireland since 1971, but surviving appointed members remain entitled to the style. Non-British Commonwealth-citizen judges appointed to the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council are also entitled to the style, although the appellation may be ignored in the judge's home country.
It is the current practice of the House of Lords and the College of Arms to apply the style Right Honourable to privy counsellors only.
Peers
All holders of a substantive peerage below the rank of marquess are entitled to be styled Right Honourable, as are their wives and widows. However, a peer's heir who uses a courtesy title is not accorded the corresponding style. Peers above the rank of earl are entitled to different styles: dukes and duchesses are styled The Most Noble or His or Her Grace, and marquesses and marchionesses are styled as The Most Honourable.
In order to differentiate peers who are also members of the Privy Council—and therefore entitled to a style in both capacities—from peers who are not, the post-nominal letters can be used to identify the privy counsellors. This applies to peers of all rank, as a holder of a dukedom or marquessate who becomes a Privy Counsellor retains their higher style and so could not be identified without the letters. In practice, in contexts where there might be confusion, official publications use the style Right Honourable exclusively to identify privy counsellors.
Lord mayors, lord provosts and other officers
The lord mayors of London, Cardiff, Belfast and York; and the lord provosts of Edinburgh and Glasgow are all entitled to be styled Right Honourable while in office. The lord mayors of Belfast and Cardiff are so entitled by an explicit grant from the sovereign, and the others through ancient custom. The style is used with the name of the office, not the personal name of the office-holder, e.g. "The Right Honourable Lord Mayor of London" or "The Right Honourable the Lord Provost of the City of Edinburgh".
Other lord mayors may be styled Right Worshipful, and other lord provosts do not use a style. By the 1920s, a number of city mayors, including the Lord Mayor of Leeds, were unofficially using the style Right Honourable, and the matter was consequently raised in parliament. The Lord Mayor of Bristol at present still uses the style Right Honourable, without official permission."The Title of Lord Mayor – Use of the Prefix 'Right Honourable, in The Times, 7 July 1932, p. 16 In guidance issued in June 2003, the Crown Office recommended that the lord provosts of Aberdeen and Dundee be styled Right Honourable in the same manner as those of Edinburgh and Glasgow.
The Chairman of the London County Council (LCC) was granted the style in 1935 as part of the celebrations of the silver jubilee of King George V. The chairman of the Greater London Council (GLC), the body that replaced the LCC in 1965, was similarly granted the style until the GLC was abolished in 1986.
Right Honourable is also used as a style by the Lord Lyon King of Arms in office, preceding his title rather than his personal name, as with other applications ex officio.
In the House of Commons
In the chamber of the House of Commons, members are not permitted to address each other directly, nor to name other members, but must instead address the speaker and refer to other members indirectly. This practice is intended to enforce a polite tone to maintain order and good honour. Only the occupant of the Chair addresses Members by name. Members generally refer to one another as "my honourable friend" if in the same party, and "the honourable gentleman/lady/member" otherwise. If needed, constituencies ("the honourable member for...") or ministerial offices (e.g. "my right honourable friend the Prime Minister") can be used for clarity.
Referring to one another as honourable is merely a courtesy used within the House, and is not a style used outside the chamber. However, when a member is in fact entitled to be styled Right Honourable (in practice always through membership of the Privy Council), they are referred to as such in the chamber. Further embellishments are traditionally applied to clergy (reverend), military officers (gallant) and barristers (learned), a practice recommended to be abolished following a 2010 report of the Modernisation Committee, but in practice continued.Afghanistan . Hansard. (2021). An example of the use after recommended abolition. In summary: "Honourable" is used for members who are not privy counsellors. "Right honourable" is used for members who are privy counsellors. "(Right) honourable and reverend" may be used for clergy. "(Right) honourable and gallant" may be used for military officers. "(Right) honourable and learned" may be used for barristers. This video is of the speech of Speaker John Bercow after his re-election as Speaker after the 2017 general election, referring to "the right honourable and learned gentleman, the member for Rushcliffe", i.e. Father of the House Kenneth Clarke, who is a barrister.
Collective entities
Right Honourable is added as a prefix to the name of various collective entities, including: "The Right Honourable the Lords Spiritual and Temporal in Parliament Assembled", i.e. the House of Lords "The Right Honourable the Lords of the Privy Council", i.e. the Privy Council "The Right Honourable the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty", i.e. the former Board of Admiralty
Canada
In Canada, occupants of only the three most senior public offices are styled as Right Honourable ( in French). Formerly, this was by virtue of their appointment to the Privy Council of the United Kingdom. However, Canadian appointments to the British Privy Council were ended by the government of Lester Pearson. Currently, individuals who hold, or have held, one of the following offices are awarded the style of Right Honourable for life:
Governor General of Canada Prime Minister of Canada Chief Justice of Canada
The Right Honourable is not to be confused with His or Her Excellency, used by governors general during their term of office, or the Honourable, used only while in office (except in Nova Scotia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Ontario, where honorary members of the Executive Council enjoy the title permanently) by provincial premiers and cabinet ministers, and for life by senators and members of the King's Privy Council for Canada (chiefly cabinet ministers, as well as other figures such as party leaders or provincial premiers who may be appointed from time to time).
The title may also be granted for life by the governor general to eminent Canadians who have not held any of the offices that would otherwise entitle them to the style. This has been done on two occasions: to eight prominent political figures to mark the 125th anniversary of Canadian Confederation in 1992, and to longtime Member of Parliament Herb Gray upon his retirement in 2002.
+ Living Canadians holding the style The Right Honourable Person Birthplace Office Born Granted Fort Smith, Northwest TerritoriesPrime Minister 16 March 1965 14 March 2025 Ottawa, Ontario Former prime minister 25 December 1971 4 November 2015 Toronto, Ontario 30 April 1959 6 February 2006 Windsor, Ontario 28 August 1938 12 December 2003 Shawinigan, Quebec 11 January 1934 4 November 1993 Port Alberni, British Columbia 10 March 1947 25 June 1993 High River, Alberta 5 June 1939 4 June 1979 Montreal, QuebecGovernor general 10 February 1947 8 June 2026 Fort Severight, Quebec Former governor general21 August 194726 July 2021 Montreal, Quebec 20 October 1963 2 October 2017 Sudbury, Ontario 28 June 1941 1 October 2010 Port-au-Prince, Haiti 6 September 1957 27 September 2005 Hong Kong 10 February 1939 7 October 1999 Beausejour, Manitoba 21 December 1935 22 January 1979 Montreal, Quebec Chief justice 2 April 1957 18 December 2017 Pincher Creek, Alberta Former chief justice 7 September 1943 7 January 2000
Over the years, a number of prominent Canadians became members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom and thus were entitled to use the style Right Honourable, either because of their services in Britain (e.g. serving as envoys to London) or as members of the Imperial War Cabinet, or due to their prominence in the Canadian Cabinet. These included all but three of Canada's early prime ministers (Alexander Mackenzie, John Abbott, and Mackenzie Bowell), who governed before the title was used domestically.
New Zealand
Previously in New Zealand the prime minister and some other senior cabinet ministers were customarily appointed to the Privy Council of the United Kingdom and thus styled Right Honourable.