The deputy prime minister of Luxembourg () is the second-highest position in the government of Luxembourg. The deputy serves a vital function in Luxembourg's collegiate cabinet system, deputises for the prime minister when he is absent, represents their own political party, and holds other government positions.

Since the position was created, in 1959, almost all governments have been coalitions of two of the three major parties: the Christian Social People's Party (CSV), the Luxembourg Socialist Workers' Party (LSAP), and the Democratic Party (DP). The current government consists of the CSV and the DP. The deputy prime minister has always been a leading politician from the junior coalition partner. During Xavier Bettel's second term as Prime Minister (2018-2023), the position was shared by a First and Second Deputy Prime Minister, representing the two junior partners in the coalition respectively (the LSAP and déi Gréng).

Since 1989, the title of Deputy Prime Minister has been an official one,Thewes (2003), p. 205 although the position had been unofficially known by that name since its creation. From the position's creation until 1989, the deputy prime minister went by the title of Vice-President of the Government. This mirrored the prime minister's title, which was President of the Government until 1989.Thewes (2003), p. 209 The name Vice Prime Minister is also used.

List of deputy prime ministers Deputy Prime Minister Party Start date End date Reason for departure Prime MinisterGovernment Deputy Prime Minister (since 2 March 1959) Eugène Schaus DP 2 March 1959 15 July 1964 Coalition partner changedThewes (2003), p. 160 Pierre WernerWerner-Schaus I Henry Cravatte LSAP 15 July 1964 6 February 1969 Coalition partner changedThewes (2003), p. 172Werner-Cravatte Eugène Schaus DP 6 February 1969 15 June 1974 Government lost electionThewes (2003), p. 182Werner-Schaus II Raymond Vouel LSAP 15 June 1974 21 July 1976 Appointed to EC Commission Gaston ThornThorn Bernard Berg LSAP 21 July 1976 16 July 1979 Government lost electionThewes (2003), p. 192Thorn Gaston Thorn DP 16 July 1979 22 November 1980 Appointed EC PresidentThewes (2003), pp. 192-3 Pierre WernerWerner-Thorn-Flesch Colette Flesch DP 22 November 1980 20 July 1984 Coalition partner changedThewes (2003), p. 204Werner-Thorn-Flesch Jacques Poos LSAP 20 July 1984 26 January 1995 Coalition partner changedThewes (2003), p. 230 Jacques SanterSanter-Poos I, II and III 26 January 1995 7 August 1999 Jean-Claude JunckerJuncker-Poos Lydie Polfer DP 7 August 1999 31 July 2004 Coalition partner changedJuncker-Polfer Jean Asselborn LSAP 31 July 2004 4 December 2013 ResignedJuncker–Asselborn I and II Xavier Bettel DP 17 November 2023 Incumbent Luc Frieden Frieden-Bettel Government First Deputy Prime Minister (4 December 2013 – 17 November 2023) Etienne Schneider LSAP 4 December 2013 4 February 2020 Resigned Xavier BettelBettel I and II Dan Kersch LSAP 4 February 2020 5 January 2022 ResignedBettel II Paulette Lenert LSAP 5 January 2022 17 November 2023 Government lost election Bettel II Second Deputy Prime Minister (5 December 2018 – 17 November 2023) Félix Braz DG 5 December 2018 11 October 2019 Health Xavier BettelBettel II François Bausch DG 11 October 2019 17 November 2023 Government lost electionBettel II

See also List of prime ministers of Luxembourg

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