The term has at least two different meanings, and has been used in several contexts.
People – a clan of kuge (court nobles) prominent in the Nara and Heian periods (710–1185) – a clan of daimyō (feudal lords) prominent in the Muromachi, Sengoku and Edo periods (1333–1868) Tachibana (surname)
Other Tachibana-class destroyer, a class Japanese warships during World War II , two destroyers of the Imperial Japanese Navy Tachibana, Fukuoka, a former town in Fukuoka Prefecture Tachibana Station, a railway station in Hyogo Prefecture Tachibana castle, a castle which formerly stood atop Tachibana Mountain Tachibana orange, a wild citrus fruit native to Japan
See also Rikka (立花, 'standing flowers'), a form of ikebana