Treaty 11, the last of the Numbered Treaties, was an agreement established between 1921 and 1922 between King George V and various First Nation band governments in what is today the Northwest Territories.
Henry Anthony Conroy was appointed treaty commissioner and conducted the negotiations and signings in 1921. However, he was unable to gain signatures from some bands in the Liard district during that summer. Further complicating matters was Conroy's death in April 1922. Thomas William Harris, the Indian Agent at Fort Simpson, Conroy's replacement, conducted the remaining treaty signings at Liard in July 1922. The signatories included Bishop Gabriel-Joseph-Elie Breynat of the Apostolic Vicariate of Mackenzie.Treaty No. 11 (27 June 1921) and Adhesion (17 July 1922) with Reports, etc.
The boundary between Treaty 8 and Treaty 11 is ambiguous. The Yellowknives Dene First Nation is a signatory to Treaty 8, but according to the text of the treaties the Yellowknife Nation's territory, known as Chief Drygeese Territory, is within Treaty 11.
Timeline 27 June 1921: Fort Providence signing 11 July 1921: Fort Simpson signing 13 July 1921: Fort Wrigley signing 15 July 1921: Fort Norman signing 21 July 1921: Good Hope signing 26 July 1921: Arctic Red River signing 28 July 1921: Fort McPherson signing 22 August 1921: Fort Rae signing 27 April 1922: treaty commissioner Henry Anthony Conroy dies 17 July 1922: Liard signing under new commissioner Harris
List of Treaty 11 First Nations
Acho Dene Koe First Nation Aklavik First Nation Behdzi Ahda' First Nation Dechi Laot'i First Nations Deh Gáh Got'ı̨ę First Nation Délı̨nę First Nation Dog Rib Rae First Nation Fort Good Hope First Nation Gameti First Nation Gwichya Gwich'in First Nation Inuvik Native Band Jean Marie River First Nation Ka'a'gee Tu First Nation Łı́ı́dlı̨ı̨ Kų́ę́ First Nation Nahɂą Dehé Dene Band Pehdzeh Ki First Nation Sambaa K'e First Nation Tetlit Gwich'in First Nation Tulita Dene First Nation West Point First Nation Wha Ti First Nation
Although parts of Treaty 11 lands are in the Yukon, none of the First Nations centered in the Yukon, including Liard First Nation, are linked to any signatories of Treaty 11.
See also Numbered Treaties The Canadian Crown and Aboriginal peoples
References
External links
Treaty Texts - Treaty No. 11 from the Government of Canada
Treaty 11 NWT Historical Timeline, Prince of Wales Northern Heritage Centre Treaty 11 photograph of the treaty. Further down the page are pictures of Chief Jimmy Bruneau, one of the original signatories, in his Treaty Suit. Treaty 11 area map